![]() ![]() ![]() 1, 2 However, numerous evidence-based prevention and treatment policies and programs can be implemented to reduce these costs while improving health and wellness. Substance misuse is estimated to cost society $442 billion each year in health care costs, lost productivity, and criminal justice costs. The moral obligation to address substance misuse and substance use disorders effectively for all Americans also aligns with a strong economic imperative. These changes represent new opportunities to create policies and practices that are more evidence-informed to address health and social problems related to substance misuse. At the same time, many states are making changes to drug policies, ranging from mandating use of prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) to eliminating mandatory minimum drug sentences. Health care reform and parity laws are providing significant opportunities and incentives to address substance misuse and related disorders more effectively in diverse health care settings. Ongoing efforts to reform health care and criminal justice systems are creating new opportunities to increase access to prevention and treatment services. A national opioid overdose epidemic has captured the attention of the public as well as federal, state, local, and tribal leaders across the country. It is time to change how we as a society address alcohol and drug misuse and substance use disorders. ![]()
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